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Edward Filene helped establish the Institute of Propaganda Analysis in 1937 to educate the American public about the nature of propaganda and how to recognize propaganda techniques. Filene and his colleagues identified the seven most common “tricks of the trade” used by successful propagandists (Marlin 102-106: Propaganda Critic: Introduction). These seven techniques are called: [...] Thirty-eight dishonest tricks of argument (taken from “Straight and crooked thinking” by Robert H. Thouless, Pan Books, ISBN 0 330 24127 3, copyright 1930, 1953 and 1974): Emotional Language (1) The use of emotionally toned words (pp 10-25) Approach: Translate the statement into words emotionally neutral Faulty Distribution (2) Making a statement [...] Occam’s Razor: A Useful Tool in Logic The term “Occam’s Razor” comes from a misspelling of the name William of Ockham. Ockham was a brilliant theologian, philosopher, and logician in the medieval period. One of his rules of thumb has become a standard guideline for thinking through issues logically. Occam’s Razor is the principle [...] ( Note: This list comes from the Atheism web and the examples given are pretty shoddy. However, the list is fairly good, and we should always be sensitive to using language and reasoning in a intellectually honest way when sharing our convictions with others… ) Accent Accent is a form of fallacy through shifting [...] |
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